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Diffusion, Osmosis and Dialysis (IQOG-CSIC)

Diffusion, Osmosis and Dialysis (IQOG-CSIC)

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Diffusion, Osmosis and Dialysis (IQOG-CSIC)

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Diffusion, Osmosis and Dialysis. Video of scientific popularization. Animation. This video has been produced within the Institute of Normal Natural Chemistry of the …

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Comments 30

  1. Anmol Dhiman says:
    9 months ago

    Got it.. Thanku✌️

    Reply
  2. superdog797 sup says:
    9 months ago

    OK I think I figured out a mechanism for osmosis. Sal's explanation is kind of correct but doesn't quite express it right.

    The gist of it is that there is a net momentum vector for all the matter in the system that sits on the solute-solvent mixture side of the membrane. If you break the system down into two masses, the mass of water, and the mass of solute, we see that the mass of water's (solvent's) center of momentum movement is directly in the middle of the system over the membrane. However, when we look at the mass of solute's center of momentum, we see that it's in the middle of only the solute-solvent side. When you take the average of these two momentum vectors you get a net momentum vector that has a center somewhere between the two in physical space, so the tendency overall is for the water to move in the direction of the solute-solvent side toward the center of mass of the system.

    Another way to think of it is that the barrier imparts energy to the system only on the side in which it is capable of deflecting matter (solute side). The Brownian motion of the molecules is the driving energy of the movement of molecules in the system. Where does the energy come from from the Brownian motion? Well, perhaps there is some internal energy at the subatomic/nuclear level, but I suspect it's more driven by the addition of heat from the environment and the transfer of kinetic energy to the particles from the barrier and walls. If a molecule hits the membrane, it is accelerated in the opposite direction. Energy is imparted to the molecule from the wall, and the wall gains energy from the particle. With each exchange, some kinetic energy is lost due to friction. Because the membrane is, on net, only interacting with the solute particles, any kinetic energy that the solute particles lose to the membrane barrier is lost only in that side of the system, but not the other half. This would imply the overall kinetic energy of the solute-solvent system is less than the pure-solvent side, which would obviously lower the water pressure and thus move water, on net, into the solute-solvent mixture side.

    But, you might ask, osmosis is powerful enough, apparently, to work against gravity. This requires work, so energy LOSS doesn't seem to really explain how it can do work. Well, like I said, the Brownian motion of the particles is constant overall, so whatever inputs to the Brownian motion of the particles are, it must be the energy into these inputs that osmotic energy is driven by. It must be the case that the heat of the environment is going into one side of the system at a higher right than the other. I suppose that the solution must have the same temperature throughout on both sides of the membrane (does it? I suppose this could be measured). The order of energy seems to be:

    heat from environment –> Brownian motion of liquid particles (Kinetic Energy) –> energy lost to membrane barrier

    The energy lost to the barrier must be small compared to the increased input from the environment, otherwise you wouldn't be able to do work like elevate the solution against gravity. I would therefore speculate that the rate of heat intake in the system is greater on the solute-solvent side, because for the Brownian motion to remain constant, one needs an increased amount of energy to compensate for the energy lost at the membrane.

    So that's my hypothesis about osmotic mechanism. Any thoughts?

    The next question I have is: if this description is correct, does it imply that the total osmotic pressure is linked (proportional to) to the surface area of the membrane, or that the surface area of the membrane merely affects the rate of osmosis overall? Intuition at first tells me that the increased surface area of a membrane should increase the osmotic pressure overall, however as far as I know, the osmotic pressure is directly proportional to the solute concentration only, not the membrane surface area. This may imply that the surface area of the membrane only affects the rate of exchange, but not the overall osmotic pressure. This could be tested empirically by simply having two separate identical systems in terms of water mass, solute concentration on one side, and varying only the surface area of the membrane, and then measuring (1) what the rate of water movement is, and (2) what the overall end result is at equilibrium. If the rate varies but the end result is the same, then the membrane surface area doesn't affect the osmotic pressure. If the end result varies, then the osmotic pressure is proportional to the surface area of the membrane. As a secondary experiment, you could measure the temperature of the fluids and the rate of heat exchange on both sides of the membrane.

    Reply
  3. Daniel goyal says:
    9 months ago

    Ayurveda can cure even CKD stage 5.
    Stop dialysis and avoid transplant.
    One of my relative got rid of his dialysis.
    Google Dr. Shridhar aggarwal for more details !!!
    He has immense knowledge and Experience of over 15 years.

    Reply
  4. WORKOUTS by Stefania G. says:
    9 months ago

    Finally I got it, thank you!!!

    Reply
  5. Alex Froger says:
    9 months ago

    it was very far understandable from the other video

    Reply
  6. Cecil Adoquaye says:
    9 months ago

    Thx this is helpful;-)

    Reply
  7. Ammar Alhussein says:
    9 months ago

    thank you of ural federal university

    Reply
  8. Anees Mushtaq says:
    9 months ago

    It was really very good and understandable.

    Reply
  9. Ishaan Sampath says:
    9 months ago

    dang animation on fleek

    Reply
  10. David Schmidt says:
    9 months ago

    EXCELLENT Vid!! Well paced, well illustrated. So many vids interchange the expressions of the SOLUTE moving from high to low compared to the solvent. A lot of my students were easily confused. This one is the best.

    Reply
  11. Pooja Singh says:
    9 months ago

    Thanks

    Reply
  12. Mohammed Salah says:
    9 months ago

    so bad

    Reply
  13. Gayathri S says:
    9 months ago

    Nice video…..

    Reply
  14. Zainab Idrees says:
    9 months ago

    The Best!!!!!!

    Reply
  15. KongIrS says:
    9 months ago

    u know what I enjoyed the music

    Reply
  16. Our health in our hands & Our Tradition says:
    9 months ago

    Osmosis: movement of solvent from higher to lower concentration

    Reply
  17. vishwa kanth says:
    9 months ago

    Excellent 👌👌👌👌👌👌

    Reply
  18. Atiende Flora says:
    9 months ago

    thanks a billion for this illustration, should have added ultra Filtration

    Reply
  19. Randhir Thakur says:
    9 months ago

    Clear cut visualised..

    Reply
  20. Jannat Zeeshan says:
    9 months ago

    Honestly best video

    Reply
  21. Technical Dixitji says:
    9 months ago

    thanks for directly coming on the point well illustrated

    Reply
  22. Hiba Fathima says:
    9 months ago

    †ħAǸĸ$…..v㉫rƴ ħ㉫しpƒuし

    Reply
  23. abdullah abh says:
    9 months ago

    Excellent animation.. This called the real use Animation… Hope for such more

    Reply
  24. Baylee Snow says:
    9 months ago

    This video was far more helpful than any of the others, thank you <3

    Reply
  25. Unknown says:
    9 months ago

    Nice

    Reply
  26. Oumaima Benbouzid says:
    9 months ago

    thanks 🙂

    Reply
  27. thilagavathi osm says:
    9 months ago

    very clear tq

    Reply
  28. JB's CineMo says:
    9 months ago

    Very helpful

    Reply
  29. Mr Abdunasimov says:
    9 months ago

    understandable

    Reply
  30. Harsh Panday says:
    9 months ago

    very bad

    Reply

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